Multiple-Django-Single-Server

Learn how to deal with multiple Django services in a single server using Nginx and Gunicorn.

Requirements

• Python
• Django
• Virtualenv
• Gunicorn

Important

Django and dependencies installation is not covered by this tutorial.
I recommend you create different environments for each project.

If you never set up any Django production environment, I recommend you read this first: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-django-with-postgres-nginx-and-gunicorn-on-ubuntu-18-04

1. Creating Gunicorn Service

cd /etc/systemd/system/
sudo vim project1.gunicorn.service

Paste the following code changing everything inside {} for your own values:

[Unit]
Description=gunicorn daemon
After=network.target
[Service]
User={user} 
Group=www-data
WorkingDirectory={/home/user/project1}
ExecStart={/home/user/project1/your-virtual-environment}/bin/gunicorn --access-logfile - --workers 3 --bind unix:{/home/user/project1/project1}.sock {project1}.wsgi:application
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save and close file.

2. Creating Gunicorn Socket

cd /etc/systemd/system/
sudo vim project1.gunicorn.socket

Paste the following code changing everything inside {} for your own values:

[Unit]
Description=gunicorn socket
[Socket]
ListenStream={/home/user/project1/project1}.sock
[Install]
WantedBy=sockets.target

Save and close file.

3. Enabling and Starting Socket

This will create the socket file at {/home/user/project1/} now and at boot. When a connection is made to that socket, systemd will automatically start the gunicorn.service to handle it:

sudo systemctl start project1.gunicorn.socket
sudo systemctl enable project1.gunicorn.socket

To check if everything is ok use the following commands:

sudo systemctl status project1.gunicorn.socket
sudo systemctl status gunicorn

If you got any problem, use the following commands to check logs:

sudo journalctl -u gunicorn

After change socket or service file is necessary reload daemon and gunicorn typing:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart gunicorn

4. Nginx Settings

Create a server block for your website. I will use only http to this tutorial, and if you want to set up https see this other link: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-nginx-with-let-s-encrypt-on-ubuntu-16-04

sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/project1.com

Paste the following code changing everything inside {} for your own values:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name {project1.com};
    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    location /static/ {
        root {/home/user/project1};
    }
    location / {
        include proxy_params;
        proxy_pass http://unix:{/home/user/project1/project1}.sock;
    }
}

Now, you need to enable server block and restart Nginx:

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/project1.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
sudo systemctl restart nginx

If you have any issue, check if nginx settings are ok:

nginx -t

5. Repeat Steps

Now, all you need is replicate previous steps to other django installations.